{"id":508,"date":"2024-03-07T08:43:26","date_gmt":"2024-03-07T08:43:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/chapter\/kennedy-cl-i\/"},"modified":"2025-09-15T10:31:54","modified_gmt":"2025-09-15T10:31:54","slug":"kennedy-cl-i","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/chapter\/kennedy-cl-i\/","title":{"raw":"Maxillary Kennedy Cl I","rendered":"Maxillary Kennedy Cl I"},"content":{"raw":"

Maxillary Kennedy Cl I<\/h2>\r\nCase 1:<\/strong> Figure 11.1\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_478\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"\u015eekil Figure 11.1. a)<\/strong> Diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments numbered 15 and 25 in a Class I case.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_479\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"\u00a0b) Figure 11.1. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.[\/caption]\r\n

Case description and design parameters<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nCase classification:<\/strong>\r\n\r\nTwo distal extension edentulous spaces, Class I\r\n\r\nSupport areas:<\/strong>\r\n\r\nTooth support:<\/strong> Terminal abutments; diametric fulcrum axis between teeth 15 and 25\r\n\r\nOcclusal rest: Teeth 15 and 25 (mesio-occlusal)\r\n*In case of interocclusal interference: teeth 15 and 25 (disto-occlusal)\r\n\r\nTissue support:<\/strong> Mucosal support in the distal extension edentulous area\r\n\r\nGuide plane:<\/strong>\r\nDistal extension; teeth 15 and 25\r\n\r\nDirect retainer:<\/strong>\r\nBar clasp; teeth 15 and 25 (I-bar; mesio-buccal undercut, Modified T-bar; disto-buccal undercut)\r\n*In the presence of a soft tissue undercut, gingival clasp; teeth 15 and 25 (mesio-buccal undercut)\r\nReciprocation: Stabilizing arm and proximal plate\r\n\r\nIndirect retainer:<\/strong>\r\nAuxiliary occlusal rest; teeth 14 and 24 (mesio-occlusal)\r\n*Adding a canine extension to the auxiliary occlusal rest increases its effectiveness.\r\n\r\nMajor connector:<\/strong>\r\nDouble palatal bar\r\n*In the presence of a torus or gag reflex, a U-plate covering the rugae for an alternative rigid major connector\r\n\r\nMinor connectors:<\/strong>\r\nApproaching arms of bar clasps, minor connectors that link the occlusal rests, indirect retainers, and artificial teeth to the major connector.\r\n\r\nDenture base and artificial teeth:<\/strong>\r\nDistal extension bases; metal-acrylic bases with acrylic artificial teeth\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nCase 2:<\/strong> Figure 11.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_480\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.2. a)<\/strong> Cl I: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 14 and 24.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_481\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"\" Figure 11.2. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.[\/caption]\r\n\r\nCase 3:<\/strong> Figure 11.3<\/span>\r\n\r\nFigure 11.3. a) <\/strong>Cl I: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 23.\r\nb) <\/strong>Metal framework design (Dotted area on the U-plate: Ruga support; indirect retention)\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_482\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.3. a)<\/strong> Cl I: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 23.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_483\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"b) Figure 11.3. b)<\/strong>Metal framework design (Dotted area on the U-plate: Ruga support; indirect retention)[\/caption]\r\n\r\nCase 4:<\/strong> Figure 11.4\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_484\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.4. a)<\/strong>Cl I: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 12 and 22.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1426\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"b) Figure 11.4. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.[\/caption]\r\n\r\nCase 5:<\/strong> Figure 11.5\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_486\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.5. a) <\/strong> Cl I: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 14 and 25.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_487\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"b) Figure 11.5. b) <\/strong>Metal framework design.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nCase 6:<\/strong> Figure 11.6\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_488\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.6. a)<\/strong> Cl I: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 25.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1428\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.6. b)<\/strong>Metal framework design (Dotted area on the U-plate: Ruga support; indirect retention)[\/caption]\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nCase 7:<\/strong> Figure 11.7\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_490\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.7. a)<\/strong>\u00a0Cl I: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 24.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_491\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.7. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.[\/caption]\r\n

Maxillary Kennedy Cl I modifications<\/h2>\r\nCase 8.<\/strong> Figure 11.8\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_492\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.8. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 14 and 25.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_493\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.8. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design[\/caption]\r\n

Case description and design parameters<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nCase classification:<\/strong>\r\n\r\nTwo distal extension and one tooth supported edentulous areas; Cl I Mod 1\r\n\r\nSupport areas:<\/strong>\r\nTooth support:<\/strong> Terminal abutments; diagonal fulcrum axis between teeth 14 and 25\r\nOcclusal rests: 14 and 25 (MO)\r\nSecondary support: Cingulum rest on 23\r\nTissue support:<\/strong> Mucosal support on the distal extension areas\r\n\r\nGuide plane:<\/strong>\r\nDistal extension: 14 and 25 (D), tooth-supported: 23 (D), 25 (M)\r\n\r\nDirect retainer:<\/strong>\r\nBar clasp: 14 and 25 (I Bar; MB undercut, Modified T Bar; DB undercut)\r\nReciprocation: MO rests along with proximal and palatal plates\r\n*In the presence of soft tissue undercut, gingival clasp: 14 and 25 (MB undercut)\r\n\r\nIndirect retainer:<\/strong>\r\nCanine extensions on 13 and 23\r\n\r\nMajor connector:<\/strong>\r\nDouble palatal bar\r\n*In case of gag reflex, U-plate covering the rugae for an alternative rigid major connector\r\n\r\nMinor connectors:<\/strong>\r\nThose connecting the approaching arms of bar clasps and artificial teeth to the major connector\r\n\r\nDenture base and artificial teeth:<\/strong>\r\nDistal extension bases; metal-acrylic base, acrylic artificial teeth and tube tooth on 24\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nCase 9.<\/strong> Figure 11.9\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_494\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.9. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 15 and 25.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1429\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.9. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.[\/caption]\r\n\r\nCase 10.<\/strong> Figure 11.10\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_496\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.10. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 23.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1392\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.10. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.[\/caption]\r\n\r\nCase 11.<\/strong> Figure 11.11\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_498\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.11. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 15 and 25.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_499\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.11. b)<\/strong>\u00a0 Metal framework design.[\/caption]\r\n\r\nCase 12.<\/strong> Figure 11.12\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_500\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.12. a) <\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 14 and 24.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_501\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.12. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.[\/caption]\r\n\r\nCase 13.<\/strong> Figure 11.13\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_502\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.13. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 14 and 25.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1394\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.13. b)<\/strong>\u00a0 Metal framework design.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nCase 14.<\/strong> Figure 11.14\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_504\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"\u015eekil \u015eekil 11.14. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 25.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1396\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"Metal \u015eekil 11.14. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design[\/caption]\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nCase 15.<\/strong> Figure 11.15\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_506\" align=\"alignleft\" width=\"300\"]\"Figure Figure 11.15. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 3: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 15 and 25.[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1397\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"300\"]\"Metal Figure 11.15. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.[\/caption]","rendered":"

Maxillary Kennedy Cl I<\/h2>\n

Case 1:<\/strong> Figure 11.1<\/p>\n

\"\u015eekil
Figure 11.1. a)<\/strong> Diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments numbered 15 and 25 in a Class I case.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\u00a0b)
Figure 11.1. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Case description and design parameters<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Case classification:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Two distal extension edentulous spaces, Class I<\/p>\n

Support areas:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tooth support:<\/strong> Terminal abutments; diametric fulcrum axis between teeth 15 and 25<\/p>\n

Occlusal rest: Teeth 15 and 25 (mesio-occlusal)
\n*In case of interocclusal interference: teeth 15 and 25 (disto-occlusal)<\/p>\n

Tissue support:<\/strong> Mucosal support in the distal extension edentulous area<\/p>\n

Guide plane:<\/strong>
\nDistal extension; teeth 15 and 25<\/p>\n

Direct retainer:<\/strong>
\nBar clasp; teeth 15 and 25 (I-bar; mesio-buccal undercut, Modified T-bar; disto-buccal undercut)
\n*In the presence of a soft tissue undercut, gingival clasp; teeth 15 and 25 (mesio-buccal undercut)
\nReciprocation: Stabilizing arm and proximal plate<\/p>\n

Indirect retainer:<\/strong>
\nAuxiliary occlusal rest; teeth 14 and 24 (mesio-occlusal)
\n*Adding a canine extension to the auxiliary occlusal rest increases its effectiveness.<\/p>\n

Major connector:<\/strong>
\nDouble palatal bar
\n*In the presence of a torus or gag reflex, a U-plate covering the rugae for an alternative rigid major connector<\/p>\n

Minor connectors:<\/strong>
\nApproaching arms of bar clasps, minor connectors that link the occlusal rests, indirect retainers, and artificial teeth to the major connector.<\/p>\n

Denture base and artificial teeth:<\/strong>
\nDistal extension bases; metal-acrylic bases with acrylic artificial teeth<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Case 2:<\/strong> Figure 11.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.2. a)<\/strong> Cl I: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 14 and 24.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"
Figure 11.2. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Case 3:<\/strong> Figure 11.3<\/span><\/p>\n

Figure 11.3. a) <\/strong>Cl I: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 23.
\nb) <\/strong>Metal framework design (Dotted area on the U-plate: Ruga support; indirect retention)<\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.3. a)<\/strong> Cl I: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 23.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"b)
Figure 11.3. b)<\/strong>Metal framework design (Dotted area on the U-plate: Ruga support; indirect retention)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Case 4:<\/strong> Figure 11.4<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.4. a)<\/strong>Cl I: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 12 and 22.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"b)
Figure 11.4. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Case 5:<\/strong> Figure 11.5<\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.5. a) <\/strong> Cl I: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 14 and 25.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"b)
Figure 11.5. b) <\/strong>Metal framework design.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Case 6:<\/strong> Figure 11.6<\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.6. a)<\/strong> Cl I: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 25.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Figure
Figure 11.6. b)<\/strong>Metal framework design (Dotted area on the U-plate: Ruga support; indirect retention)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Case 7:<\/strong> Figure 11.7<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.7. a)<\/strong>\u00a0Cl I: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 24.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Figure
Figure 11.7. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Maxillary Kennedy Cl I modifications<\/h2>\n

Case 8.<\/strong> Figure 11.8<\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.8. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 14 and 25.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Figure
Figure 11.8. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Case description and design parameters<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Case classification:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Two distal extension and one tooth supported edentulous areas; Cl I Mod 1<\/p>\n

Support areas:<\/strong>
\nTooth support:<\/strong> Terminal abutments; diagonal fulcrum axis between teeth 14 and 25
\nOcclusal rests: 14 and 25 (MO)
\nSecondary support: Cingulum rest on 23
\nTissue support:<\/strong> Mucosal support on the distal extension areas<\/p>\n

Guide plane:<\/strong>
\nDistal extension: 14 and 25 (D), tooth-supported: 23 (D), 25 (M)<\/p>\n

Direct retainer:<\/strong>
\nBar clasp: 14 and 25 (I Bar; MB undercut, Modified T Bar; DB undercut)
\nReciprocation: MO rests along with proximal and palatal plates
\n*In the presence of soft tissue undercut, gingival clasp: 14 and 25 (MB undercut)<\/p>\n

Indirect retainer:<\/strong>
\nCanine extensions on 13 and 23<\/p>\n

Major connector:<\/strong>
\nDouble palatal bar
\n*In case of gag reflex, U-plate covering the rugae for an alternative rigid major connector<\/p>\n

Minor connectors:<\/strong>
\nThose connecting the approaching arms of bar clasps and artificial teeth to the major connector<\/p>\n

Denture base and artificial teeth:<\/strong>
\nDistal extension bases; metal-acrylic base, acrylic artificial teeth and tube tooth on 24<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Case 9.<\/strong> Figure 11.9<\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.9. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 15 and 25.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Figure
Figure 11.9. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Case 10.<\/strong> Figure 11.10<\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.10. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 23.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Figure
Figure 11.10. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Case 11.<\/strong> Figure 11.11<\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.11. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 15 and 25.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Figure
Figure 11.11. b)<\/strong>\u00a0 Metal framework design.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Case 12.<\/strong> Figure 11.12<\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.12. a) <\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 14 and 24.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Figure
Figure 11.12. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Case 13.<\/strong> Figure 11.13<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.13. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 14 and 25.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Figure
Figure 11.13. b)<\/strong>\u00a0 Metal framework design.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Case 14.<\/strong> Figure 11.14<\/p>\n

\"\u015eekil
\u015eekil 11.14. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 1: The diagonal fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 13 and 25.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Metal
\u015eekil 11.14. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Case 15.<\/strong> Figure 11.15<\/p>\n

\"Figure
Figure 11.15. a)<\/strong> Cl I Mod 3: The diametric fulcrum axis passing through the terminal abutments 15 and 25.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Metal
Figure 11.15. b)<\/strong> Metal framework design.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-508","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":475,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/508","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/508\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1850,"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/508\/revisions\/1850"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/475"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/508\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=508"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=508"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekitap.ankara.edu.tr\/dentures\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}